Nā kumu o ka ʻino ʻana i ke kila kila

ʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi o ka corrosion o ke kila kila ma muli o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻoniʻoni ʻike ʻole ma ka ʻili o ke kila, e hana ana ia i ka passive.Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive ma muli o ke kila me ka oxygen ke hōʻike ʻia i ka lewa, a i ʻole ma muli o ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka oxygen.Inā luku ʻia ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation, e hoʻomau ʻia ke kila kuhili ʻole.I nā manawa he nui, hoʻopau wale ʻia ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni passivation ma ka ʻili metala a ma nā wahi kūloko, a ʻo ka hopena o ka corrosion ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i nā lua liʻiliʻi a i ʻole nā ​​lua, e hopena i ka puʻunaue like ʻole o ka lua liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili o ka mea.

ʻO ka hiki ʻana mai o ka pōʻino pitting ma muli paha o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ion chloride i hui pū ʻia me nā depolarizers.ʻO ka pitting corrosion o nā metala passive e like me ke kila kila ma muli o ka pōʻino kūloko o kekahi mau anion hoʻopaʻapaʻa i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni passive, e pale ana i ke kūlana passive me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka maʻamau e koi ʻia kahi kaiapuni oxidizing, akā ʻo ia ke ʻano ma lalo o ka pitting corrosion.ʻO ke ala no ka pitting corrosion ʻo ia ka hiki ʻana o nā ion metala koʻikoʻi e like me FE3+, Cu2+, Hg2+ i C1-, Br-, I-, Cl04-solutions a i ʻole chloride solutions o Na+, Ca2+ alkali a me nā ion metala honua alkaline i loaʻa H2O2, O2, etc.
Hoʻonui ka pitting rate me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana.No ka laʻana, i loko o kahi hoʻonā me ka manaʻo o 4% -10% sodium chloride, hiki i ka 90 ° C ke kaumaha o ke kaumaha ma muli o ka pitting corrosion;no ka hoʻonā ʻoi aku ka dilute, hiki ke kiʻekiʻe ma kahi wela kiʻekiʻe.