Ndemanga: Kuchuluka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kumakhudza kwambiri mtundu wa mowa.Ukhondo ndi wosabala ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakuwongolera ukhondo pakupanga moŵa.Dongosolo labwino la CIP limatha kuyeretsa chotupitsa bwino.Mavuto a makina oyeretsera, njira yoyeretsera, njira yoyeretsera, kuyeretsa wothandizila / kusankhidwa kwa sterilizant ndi khalidwe la machitidwe a CIP adakambidwa.
Mawu oyamba
Kuyeretsa ndi kutsekereza ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri popanga moŵa komanso njira yofunika kwambiri yopangira mowa wabwino kwambiri.Cholinga cha kuyeretsa ndi kutsekereza ndi kuchotsa momwe zingathere zonyansa zomwe zimapangidwa ndi khoma lamkati la mipope ndi zida panthawi yopanga, ndikuchotsa chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo tomwe timapanga mowa.Pakati pawo, chomera chowotchera chimakhala ndi zofunikira kwambiri pazachilengedwe, ndipo ntchito yoyeretsa ndi yotseketsa imakhala yoposa 70% ya ntchito yonse.Pakali pano, voliyumu ya fermenter ikukulirakulira, ndipo chitoliro chonyamula zinthu chikukulirakulira, zomwe zimabweretsa zovuta zambiri pakuyeretsa ndi kutseketsa.Momwe mungayeretsere moyenerera ndi kuthiritsa fermenter kuti mukwaniritse zosowa zaposachedwa za "biochemical" zamowa ndikukwaniritsa zomwe ogula amafuna kuti zinthu zizikhala zabwino ziyenera kuyamikiridwa kwambiri ndi ogwira ntchito moŵa.
1 makina oyeretsera ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza kuyeretsa
1.1 makina oyeretsera
Pakupanga moŵa, pamwamba pa zida zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zinthuzo zimayika dothi pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana.Kwa fermenters, zinthu zonyansa zimakhala makamaka zonyansa za yisiti ndi mapuloteni, ma hop ndi hop resin resin, ndi miyala ya mowa.Chifukwa cha magetsi osasunthika ndi zinthu zina, zonyansazi zimakhala ndi mphamvu zinazake za adsorption pakati pa khoma lamkati la fermenter.Mwachiwonekere, kuti muthamangitse dothi pa khoma la thanki, mphamvu zinazake ziyenera kulipidwa.Mphamvu iyi ikhoza kukhala mphamvu yamakina, ndiko kuti, njira yothira madzi otaya ndi mphamvu inayake yamphamvu;mphamvu zamagetsi zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito, monga kugwiritsa ntchito asidi (kapena zamchere) kuyeretsa wothandizila kumasula, kusweka kapena kusungunula dothi, potero kusiya pamwamba;Ndi mphamvu yotentha, ndiko kuti, powonjezera kutentha kwa kuyeretsa, kufulumizitsa machitidwe a mankhwala ndi kufulumizitsa ntchito yoyeretsa.Ndipotu, kuyeretsa nthawi zambiri kumakhala chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa makina, mankhwala ndi kutentha.
1.2 Zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kuyeretsa
1.2.1 Kuchuluka kwa adsorption pakati pa nthaka ndi chitsulo pamwamba pazitsulo kumakhudzana ndi kuuma kwapamwamba kwazitsulo.Chitsulo chachitsulo chimakhala cholimba kwambiri, chimakhala champhamvu kwambiri pakati pa dothi ndi pamwamba, ndipo chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kuyeretsa.Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chakudya zimafuna Ra<1μm;mawonekedwe a zinthu zapamtunda za zida zimakhudzanso kutsatsa pakati pa dothi ndi pamwamba pa zida.Mwachitsanzo, kuyeretsa zinthu zopangidwa ndizovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi kuyeretsa zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
1.2.2 Makhalidwe a dothi amakhalanso ndi ubale wina ndi kuyeretsa.Mwachionekere, n’kovuta kwambiri kuchotsa dothi lakale lomwe lauma kusiyana ndi kuchotsa latsopanolo.Choncho, ntchito yopangira ikamalizidwa, chofufumitsacho chiyenera kutsukidwa mwamsanga, chomwe sichili chothandiza, ndipo chidzatsukidwa ndi kutsekeredwa musanagwiritse ntchito.
1.2.3 Mphamvu ya Scour ndi chinthu china chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza kuyeretsa.Mosasamala kanthu za chitoliro kapena khoma la thanki, kuyeretsa kumakhala bwino kokha pamene madzi ochapira ali mumkhalidwe wachisokonezo.Choncho, m`pofunika mogwira kulamulira flushing mwamphamvu ndi otaya mlingo kuti pamwamba pa chipangizo mokwanira wetted kuonetsetsa mulingo woyenera kuyeretsa kwenikweni.
1.2.4 Kuchita bwino kwa wothandizira kuyeretsa palokha kumadalira mtundu wake (asidi kapena maziko), ntchito ndi kulingalira.
1.2.5 Nthawi zambiri, kuyeretsa kumawonjezeka ndi kutentha kwakukulu.Mayesero ambiri asonyeza kuti pamene mtundu ndi ndondomeko ya woyeretsayo imatsimikiziridwa, zotsatira za kuyeretsa pa 50 ° C kwa mphindi 5 ndikutsuka pa 20 ° C kwa mphindi 30 ndizofanana.
2 fermenter CIP kuyeretsa
2.1CIP ntchito mode ndi zotsatira zake pa kuyeretsa zotsatira
Njira yodziwika bwino yoyeretsera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zopangira moŵa zamakono ndikuyeretsa m'malo (CIP), yomwe ndi njira yoyeretsera ndi kutsekereza zida ndi mapaipi popanda kusokoneza magawo kapena zopangira zida zotsekedwa.
2.1.1 Zotengera zazikulu monga fermenters sizingathe kutsukidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yoyeretsera.Kuyeretsa mu-situ kwa fermentor kumachitika kudzera m'kuzungulira kwa scrubber.Scrubber ili ndi mitundu iwiri ya mtundu wotsuka mpira wokhazikika komanso mtundu wa jet wa rotary.Madzi ochapira amawapopera pamwamba pa thanki kudzera mu scrubber, ndiyeno madzi ochapira amayenda pansi pa khoma la thanki.Nthawi yabwino, madzi ochapira amapanga filimu yomwe imamangiriridwa ku thanki.Pa khoma la thanki.Zotsatira za mawotchiwa ndizochepa, ndipo zotsatira zoyeretsa zimapindula makamaka ndi mankhwala a wothandizira oyeretsa.
2.1.2 Chotsukira chamtundu wa mpira chokhazikika chili ndi utali wozungulira wa 2 m.Kwa fermenters yopingasa, ma scrubber angapo ayenera kuikidwa.Kuthamanga kwa madzi ochapira pamtunda wa scrubber nozzle kuyenera kukhala 0.2-0.3 MPa;kwa fermenters ofukula Ndipo muyeso wa kuthamanga kwa potulutsira pampu yochapira, osati kutayika kwamphamvu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kukana kwa payipi, komanso chikoka cha kutalika kwa kuthamanga kwa kuyeretsa.
2.1.3 Pamene kupanikizika kuli kochepa kwambiri, mawonekedwe a scrubber ndi ochepa, kuthamanga sikukwanira, ndipo madzi oyeretsera opopera sangathe kudzaza khoma la thanki;pamene kupanikizika kuli kwakukulu, madzi oyeretsera amapanga nkhungu ndipo sangathe kupanga kutsika pansi pa khoma la thanki.Kanema wamadzi, kapena madzi oyeretsera opopera, amabwerera kuchokera pakhoma la thanki, kuchepetsa kuyeretsa.
2.1.4 Pamene zida zotsukidwa zili zonyansa komanso kukula kwa thanki ndi kwakukulu (d> 2m), makina ochapira amtundu wa rotary jet amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuonjezera utali wochapira (0.3-0.7 MPa) kuti awonjezere malo ochapira komanso onjezerani utali wochapira.The makina zochita za nadzatsuka kumawonjezera descaling kwenikweni.
2.1.5 Makina otsuka jet a Rotary amatha kugwiritsa ntchito kutsika kwamadzimadzi a purge kusiyana ndi makina ochapira mpira.Pamene sing'anga yochapira imadutsa, chotsukiracho chimagwiritsa ntchito nsonga yamadzimadzi kuti azungulire, kutsuka ndikutulutsa mosinthana, potero kumapangitsa kuyeretsa.
2.2 Kuyerekezera kwa madzi oyeretsera
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, chofufumitsa chimayenera kukhala ndi mphamvu yothamanga komanso kuthamanga kwamadzi poyeretsa.Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti makulidwe okwanira a madzi othamanga osanjikiza ndi kupanga chisokonezo mosalekeza, m'pofunika kumvetsera kuthamanga kwa mpope woyeretsa.
2.2.1 Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zoyezera kuchuluka kwa madzi oyeretsera poyeretsa matanki ozungulira.Njira yachikhalidwe imangoganizira za circumference ya thanki, ndipo imatsimikiziridwa mumitundu ya 1.5 mpaka 3.5 m3/m• h molingana ndi zovuta kuyeretsa (nthawi zambiri malire apansi a thanki yaying'ono ndi malire apamwamba a thanki yayikulu. ).Tanki yozungulira yozungulira pansi yokhala ndi mainchesi 6.5m ili ndi circumference ya pafupifupi 20m.Ngati 3m3/m•h agwiritsidwa ntchito, kuthamanga kwa madzi oyeretsera kumakhala pafupifupi 60m3/h.
2.2.2 Njira yatsopano yoyezera imachokera pa mfundo yakuti kuchuluka kwa metabolites (zinyalala) zomwe zimadutsa pa lita imodzi ya wort ozizira panthawi yovunda ndizokhazikika.Pamene kukula kwa thanki kumawonjezeka, mphamvu ya mkati mwa tank tank imachepa.Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa katundu wadothi pagawo lililonse kumawonjezeka, ndipo kuthamanga kwamadzi oyeretsera kuyenera kukulitsidwa molingana.Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito 0,2 m3/m2•h.Fermenter yokhala ndi mphamvu ya 500 m3 ndi m'mimba mwake ya 6.5 m imakhala ndi malo amkati a 350 m2, ndipo kuthamanga kwamadzi oyeretsera kumakhala pafupifupi 70 m3 / h.
3 njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyeretsa zofufumitsa
3.1 Malinga ndi kutentha kwa ntchito yoyeretsa, ikhoza kugawidwa mu kuyeretsa kozizira (kutentha kwabwino) ndi kuyeretsa kotentha (kutentha).Pofuna kusunga nthawi ndikutsuka madzi, anthu nthawi zambiri amatsuka pa kutentha kwakukulu;pofuna chitetezo cha ntchito zazikulu za tanki, kuyeretsa kozizira nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa akasinja akulu.
3.2 Malinga ndi mtundu wa oyeretsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, amatha kugawidwa kukhala acidic kuyeretsa ndi kuyeretsa zamchere.Kutsuka kwa alkaline ndikoyenera kwambiri pochotsa zowononga zachilengedwe zomwe zimapangidwa m'dongosolo, monga yisiti, mapuloteni, hop resin, etc.;pickling makamaka kuchotsa inorganic zoipitsa kwaiye mu dongosolo, monga calcium salt, magnesium salt, miyala mowa, ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-30-2020