Pfungwa yezvokudya zvinoshanda haina tsanangudzo yakanyatsofanana.Kutaura zvazviri, zvokudya zvose zvinoshanda, kunyange kupa mapuroteni anokosha, makabhohaidhiretsi, uye mafuta, nezvimwewo, asi aya haasi mashandisiro atinoita izwi iri nhasi.
Kusikwa Kwenguva: Chikafu Chinoshanda
Shoko racho, rakatanga kushandiswa muJapan muma1980, “rinoreva zvokudya zvakagayiwa zvine zvinhu zvinoita kuti muviri ushande uye zvokudya zvinovaka muviri.”Iyo US Chikafu neDrug Administration (FDA) yakaongorora mafungiro evagadziri pane zvinovaka muviri zvezvikafu zvinoshanda uye hutano hwazvo hunodzorwa.Kusiyana neJapan, hurumende yeUS haipe tsanangudzo yechikafu chinoshanda.
Naizvozvo, izvo zvatirikudaidzira zvinoshanda chikafu chinowanzo reva chikafu chakagadziridzwa chine akawedzera kana kuderedzwa zvimisikidzo, zvinosanganisira zvakamisikidzwa, zvakasimbiswa uye zvimwe zvikafu zvakasimbiswa.
Parizvino, nekuvandudzwa kweindasitiri yechikafu, kugadzirwa kwechikafu kwakawanda kwakashandisa tekinoroji yebioengineering senge mafekitori ezvirimwa, mhuka nezvirimwa stem masero, uye microbial fermentation.Nekuda kweizvozvo, tsananguro yechikafu chinoshanda munharaunda inovaka muviri yakawedzera: "Zvokudya zvese uye zvakanyungudutswa, zvakasimbiswa, kana zvakasimbiswa, kana zvichidyiwa nguva dzose pamazinga anobudirira sechikamu chekudya kwakasiyana zvichienderana nehumbowo hwakakosha zviyero, zvinogona kubatsira. migumisiro.”
Inodzivirira kushomeka kwekudya
Zvokudya zvinoshanda zvinowanzova nepamusoro mune zvinovaka muviri, zvinosanganisira mavhitamini, zvicherwa, mafuta ane hutano, uye fiber.Kuzadza kudya kwako nemhando dzakasiyana dzekudya zvinoshanda, zvese zvechinyakare uye zvakasimbiswa, zvinogona kubatsira kuona kuti uri kuwana chikafu chaunoda uye kudzivirira kushomeka kwekudya.
Muchokwadi, kuwanda kwepasi rose kwekushomeka kwekudya kwakadzikira zvakanyanya kubva pakatangwa chikafu chakasimbiswa.Semuenzaniso, mushure mekuiswa kweiron-fortified gorosi hupfu muJoridhani, chiyero chesimbi-inoshaya anemia muvana yakanga inenge hafu.
Chirwere chinodzivirirwa
Zvokudya zvinoshanda zvinopa kudya kwakakosha kunogona kubatsira kudzivirira zvirwere.
Vazhinji vakapfuma zvakanyanya mune antioxidants.Aya mamorekuru anobatsira kudzikamisa makomisheni anokuvadza anonzi mahara radicals, ayo anobatsira kudzivirira kukuvara kwesero uye zvimwe zvirwere zvisingaperi, zvinosanganisira chirwere chemoyo, kenza, uye chirwere cheshuga.
Zvimwe zvekudya zvinoshanda zvakare zvakakwirira mu omega-3 fatty acids, rudzi rwemafuta ane hutano hunoderedza kuzvimba, hunowedzera huropi hunoita basa uye hunokurudzira hutano hwemoyo.
Yakapfuma mune mamwe marudzi efiber, inogona kukurudzira zvirinani kudzora shuga yeropa uye kudzivirira kubva kuzvirwere zvakaita seshuga, kufutisa, chirwere chemoyo, uye sitiroko.Fiber inobatsirawo kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwekugaya, kusanganisira shunt kuzvimba, maronda emudumbu, kubuda ropa, uye acid reflux.
Kukurudzira kukura kwakakodzera uye kukura
Zvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvakakosha pakukura nekukura kwevacheche nevana.
Kunakidzwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekudya-dense kushanda kwekudya sechikamu chekudya kune hutano kunogona kubatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvinodiwa zvekudya zvinosangana.Pamusoro pezvo, zvinobatsira kubatanidza zvikafu zvakasimbiswa nechaiyo chikafu chakakosha pakukura nekukura.
Somuenzaniso, zviyo, zviyo, uye furawa zvinowanzova nemavhitamini B, akadai sefolic acid, ayo anokosha pautano hwemwana.Yakaderera mazinga efolic acid anowedzera njodzi yekukanganiswa neural chubhu, iyo inogona kukanganisa uropi, musana, kana musana.Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kuwedzera kudyiwa kwefolic acid kunogona kuderedza kuwanda kweneural tube defects ne50% -70%.
Zvimwe zvinovaka muviri zvinowanzowanikwa muzvokudya zvinoshanda zvinoitawo basa rinokosha mukukura nekukura, kusanganisira omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc, calcium uye vitamin B12.
Wikipedia tsananguro:
Chikafu chinoshanda chikafu chinoti chine mamwe mabasa (kazhinji ane chekuita nekusimudzirwa kwehutano kana kudzivirira kwechirwere) nekuwedzera mitsva mitsva kana zvimwe zvezvinhu zviripo.
Iro izwi rinogona zvakare kushanda kune hunhu hwakaberekeswa nemaune muzvirimwa zviripo zvinodyiwa, seyepepuru kana yegoridhe mbatatisi ine yakaderedzwa anthocyanin kana carotenoid zvemukati, zvichiteerana.
Zvokudya zvinoshanda zvinogona "kugadzirirwa kuva nehupenyu hwehupenyu uye / kana kuderedza ngozi yechirwere chisingaperi kupfuura mabasa ekutanga ekudya, inogona kufanana nezvokudya zvakajairika pakuonekwa, uye kupedzwa sechikamu chekudya nguva dzose".
Zvekudya Zvinoshanda uye Nyaya dzehutano
Munhoroondo yebudiriro yevanhu, hakuna kumbove nenguva yakadai yekuti chikafu chinogona kukamurwa kuva mwaka, nguva, uye matunhu.Kusiyana-siyana kwezvokudya zvakapfuura zvinodikanwa zvekuzadza dumbu (zvechokwadi, kuchine dzimwe nyika dzakadzokera shure mumamiriro ekushaya zvokudya).Kunyange zvazvo vanhu vagara vachishuva zvokudya zvakawanda uye zvokupfeka, asi vakakurumidza kuonana nenguva yenzara (Europe yapedza chizvarwa kugadzirisa dambudziko rezvokudya nezvokupfeka kubvira Hondo Yenyika II neChina kubvira pakuvandudzwa uye kuvhura), muviri wemunhu metabolism haugone kuenderana nesimba uye simba rinopfuura zvinodiwa nemuviri.Naizvozvo, matambudziko ehutano ane chekuita nekudya kwekudya, kusanganisira kufutisa, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, uye hyperglycemia, akaonekwa.
Kubva pakuona kwekugadzirwa nekuchengetedza chikafu, hapana matambudziko ehunyanzvi mukuderedza shuga, munyu, uye mafuta.Icho chipingamupinyi chikuru chehunyanzvi chinobva mukurasikirwa kwekunakidzwa kwekudya kwezvikafu zvakadaro, zvichiita kuti chikafu chive simba uye chikafu chinovaka muviri.Naizvozvo, kuchengetedza kunakidzwa kwekudya kweshuga-yakaderera, munyu-yakaderera, uye yakaderera-mafuta chikafu kuburikidza nehunyanzvi dhizaini yezvikafu zvinongedzo uye zvimiro ndiwo musoro mukuru wekutsvagisa kwesainzi yechikafu kwenguva yakareba mune ramangwana.Asi mhedzisiro yenguva refu yezvigadzirwa izvi zvinoramba zvichionekwa.
Kana izvo zvakasimbiswa zvinosanganiswa mukudya zvinoshanda zvinobatsira kune hutano ichiri gakava rakawanda.Kana mhedzisiro yacho isina kujeka, ngatingotaura kuti psychoactive zvinhu zvakaita sedoro, caffeine, nicotine, uye taurine zvinowanzoonekwa sekukuvadza kumuviri wemunhu, asi hutano hwevanhu hausi chete maererano nemuviri wenyama, asiwo pfungwa dzepfungwa. .
Hazvina kururama kutaura pamusoro pezvibatsiro uye zvisingabatsiri pasina dosage.Zviri mukati mezvikafu zvinoshanda muzvokudya zvinoshanda kazhinji zvakaderera zvakanyanya pane izvo zvinodhaka, saka kunyangwe zvichibatsira kana kukuvadza, mhedzisiro yacho ishoma kana ikatorwa kwenguva pfupi, uye mhedzisiro iri pachena inoda kuunganidzwa mushure menguva refu. kushandiswa.show.Semuenzaniso, iyo caffeine iri mukofi uye cola zvakare inopindwa muropa kana ichidyiwa muhuwandu kwenguva yakareba.Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kusarudza zvimisikidzo zvisinganyanyi kutsamira pahunhu.
Functional Foods vs Nutraceuticals (Dietary Supplements)
Kazhinji tinoti chikafu chinoshanda chichiri kuda kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nevanhu zvekudya, sekudya kweprotein, mafuta, shuga nemacarbohydrates, nezvimwewo, izvo zvinogona kudyiwa sechikafu kana pachinzvimbo chekudya.
Iko hakuna kurongeka kwakananga kunowirirana kwezvigadzirwa zvehutano muUnited States.Inogona kufananidzwa nemishonga yekuwedzera yeFDA muUnited States, uye zvinovaka muviri zvinoshanda zvinobviswa kubva kune inotakura, iyo yakafanana nemushonga mune fomu.Mafomu emupimo anorondedzerwa sezvekuwedzera kwezvokudya munguva yakapfuura anowanzoita semishonga: mahwendefa, capsules, granules, madonhwe, sprays, etc. Kugadzirira uku kwakatsauka kubva kune zvakakosha maitiro ezvokudya uye hazvigone kupa vatengi chero mafaro ekudya.Parizvino, mhedzisiro yekukwirira kwepamusoro uye kukurudzirwa kwenguva pfupi pamuviri ichiri nyaya inokakavadzana.
Gare gare, kuitira kukwezva vana kuti vatore, mishonga yakawanda yezvokudya yakawedzerwa nenzira yegum, uye magranules akawanda akawedzerwa nemimwe mishonga yezvokudya, kana kuti yakanyatsogadzirwa mumabhodhoro ezvinwiwa zvinowedzera.Izvi zvinogadzira mamiriro ekuyambuka-kufukidza kwezvikafu zvinoshanda uye zvekuwedzera zvekudya.
Zvokudya zvemangwana zvose zvinoshanda
Muchirevo chenguva itsva, chikafu hachichina basa rekuzadza dumbu chete.Sechinhu chinodyiwa, chikafu chinofanirwa kunge chine mabasa matatu ekupa simba, hutano uye mafaro kumuviri.Uyezve, nekuenderera mberi kwekuunganidzwa kwehumbowo uye nekunzwisisa kwakadzika kwehukama hwechikonzero pakati pezvinovaka muviri, chikafu, uye zvirwere, zvakaonekwa kuti kukanganisa kwechikafu pamuviri wemunhu kunopfuura nekure kwechero chinhu chezvakatipoteredza.
Iwo matatu akakosha mabasa echikafu ese anoda kuzadzikiswa munzvimbo yefiziology yemuviri wemunhu.Maitiro ekuwana yakanyanya kunaka kuburitswa kwesimba, iyo inonyanya kushanda yehutano mhedzisiro, uye iyo yakakwana mafaro nekuvandudza kuumbwa uye dhizaini dhizaini yechikafu chikafu chemazuva ano.Dambudziko guru kune indasitiri, kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, masayendisiti anofanirwa kubatanidza zvinhu zvekudya ne physiology yemunhu, kuona kuparara kwechimiro uye kuparara kwezvimiro zvechikafu uye zvikamu mumuromo, mudumbu uye mamwe matanho ekugaya, uye kutsanangura Iyo yemuviri, kemikari, physiological, colloidal, uye psychological nheyo.
Shanduko kubva kutsvagiridzo yezvekudya kuenda ku "chikafu + muviri wemunhu" tsvakiridzo ndeye mhedzisiro yekunzwisisa kwevatengi zvakare kweiyo yakakosha mabasa echikafu.Zvinogona kufanotaurwa nekuvimba kukuru kuti ramangwana resaenzi tsvagiridzo yezvekudya ichave nemaitiro makuru e "food material science + life science".“Ongorora.Shanduko iyi ichaunza shanduko munzira dzekutsvagisa, matekiniki ekutsvagisa, nzira dzekutsvagisa, uye nzira dzekubatana.
Nguva yekutumira: May-13-2022