Mekhoa ea ho thibela le ho fokotsa deformation ea welding e tlameha ho nahana ka moralo oa ts'ebetso ea welding le ho hlola phapang ea lipotoloho tse chesang le tse batang nakong ea welding.Shrinkage e ke ke ea felisoa, empa e ka laoloa.Ho na le mekhoa e 'maloa ea ho fokotsa deformation ea shrinkage.
1 Se ke oa chesella haholo
Ha tšepe e ntse e tlala ho chesella, matla a deformation a tla hlahisoa haholo.Boholo bo nepahetseng ba weld bo ke ke ba fumana deformation e nyane feela ea welding, empa hape le ho boloka thepa ea welding le nako.Palo ea tšepe ea ho tjheseletsa ho tlatsa weld e lokela ho ba bonyane, mme weld e lokela ho ba e bataletseng kapa e bataletseng hanyane.Tšebeliso e feteletseng ea tšepe e ke ke ea eketsa matla.Ho fapana le hoo, e tla eketsa matla a shrinkage mme e eketse deformation ea welding.
2 Weld e sa khaotseng
Tsela e 'ngoe ea ho fokotsa palo ea ho tlatsa weld ke ho sebelisa welding ea nakoana.Ka mohlala, ha ho tjheseletsa lipoleiti tse matlafalitsoeng, ho cheselletsa nako le nako ho ka fokotsa palo ea ho tlatsa weld ka 75%, ha ho ntse ho tiisa matla a hlokahalang.
3. Fokotsa karolo ea weld
The tjheseletsa e nang le terata e mahoashe le lipase tse fokolang li na le deformation e nyane ho feta ho cheseletsa ka terata e tšesaane le ho feta.Tabeng ea ho feta ka makhetlo a mangata, ho fokotseha ho bakoang ke pase ka 'ngoe ho eketsa ho fokotseha ho feletseng ha weld.Joalokaha ho ka bonoa setšoantšong, ts'ebetso ea ho tjheseletsa e nang le li-passes tse fokolang le electrode e teteaneng e na le liphello tse molemo ho feta tse nang le li-passes tse ngata le electrode e tšesaane.
Tlhokomeliso: Ts'ebetso ea welding ea terata e mahoashe, welding e fokolang ea ho feta kapa terata e ntle, li-welding tse ngata li itšetlehile ka thepa.Ka kakaretso, tšepe e tlase ea khabone, 16Mn le lisebelisoa tse ling li loketse terata e thata le tjheseletso e fokolang ea ho feta.Tšepe e sa hloekang, tšepe e phahameng ea carbon le lisebelisoa tse ling li loketse terata e ntle le li-welding tse ngata
4. Theknoloji ea anti-deformation
Koba kapa u sekamise likarolo ka lehlakoreng le leng la ho tjheseletsa deformation pele ho tjheseletsa (ntle le ho tjheseletsa ka tjheseletsa kapa tjheseletsa e otlolohileng).Palo e behiloeng esale pele ea deformation e ka morao e lokela ho khethoa ka tlhahlobo.Ho betla, ho hlophisa, kapa ho beha likarolo tse cheselitsoeng esale pele ke mokhoa o bonolo oa ho felisa khatello ea maikutlo ka ho sebelisa matla a reverse mechanical.Ha workpiece e setiloe esale pele, ho na le deformation e etsang hore workpiece e fapane le khatello ea weld shrinkage.The deformation e seng e setiloe pele ho tjheseletsa e hlakola ka deformation ka mor'a ho tjheseletsa, ho etsa hore workpiece ea welding e be sefofane se loketseng.
Tsela e 'ngoe e tloaelehileng ea ho leka-lekanya matla a thibelo ke ho beha li-welders tse tšoanang khahlanong le tse ling le ho li kopanya hammoho.Mokhoa ona o ka boela oa sebelisoa bakeng sa ho khumama pele, moo chesele e behoang sebakeng se loketseng sa workpiece pele ho koala.
Li-welders tse khethehileng tse boima li ka hlahisa matla a leka-lekaneng a hlokahalang ka lebaka la ho tiea ha bona kapa boemo ba likarolo ho e mong.Haeba matla ana a leka-lekaneng a sa hlahisoe, ho hlokahala mekhoa e meng ho leka-lekanya matla a shrinkage a lisebelisoa tsa welding ho finyella sepheo sa ho hlakola ka bobeli.Matla a leka-lekaneng e ka ba matla a mang a ho honyela, matla a tlamang a mochini a thehiloeng ke sebopeho, matla a tlamang a kopano le tatellano ea welding ea likarolo, matla a tlamang a entsoeng ke matla a khoheli.
5 Tatelano welding
Ho ea ka sebopeho sa workpiece ho fumana tatellano e utloahalang ea kopano, e le hore sebopeho sa workpiece sebakeng se le seng se fokotsehe.Ho buloa groove e nang le mahlakore a mabeli ka har'a sesebedisoa sa mosebetsi 'me ho amoheloe shaft, welding ea multilayer e amoheloa,' me tatellano ea li-welding tse peli e ikemiselitse.Ho tjheseletsa ha nako le nako ho sebediswa ditjheseletsong tsa fillet, mme ho honyela ha weld ya pele ho lekanngwa ke ho honyela ha weld ya bobedi.Sesebelisoa se ka ts'oara sesebelisoa sa mosebetsi sebakeng se lakatsehang, se eketsa ho tiea le ho fokotsa deformation ea welding.Mokhoa ona o sebelisoa haholo ho tjheseletsa ha workpiece e nyane kapa likaroloana tse nyane, ka lebaka la ho eketseha ha khatello ea maikutlo, e loketseng feela sebopeho sa polasetiki sa tšepe e tlase ea carbon.
6 Tlosa matla a shrinkage ka mor'a ho cheselletsa
Percussion ke mokhoa oa ho loantša shrinkage ea weld, joalo ka ha ho pholisoa ha weld.Ho tlanya ho tla etsa hore weld e atolohe 'me e be mosesaane, kahoo e tlose khatello ea maikutlo (elastic deformation).Leha ho le joalo, ha u sebelisa mokhoa ona, hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore motso oa weld o ke ke oa kokota, o ka hlahisang mapetsong.Ka kakaretso, percussion e ke ke ea sebelisoa ho li-welds tse koahelang.
Hobane, sekoaelo se ka 'na sa e-ba le mapetsong a weld, sa ama ho lemoha ha weld, phello e thata.Ka hona, ts'ebeliso ea thekenoloji e na le moeli, 'me ho na le maemo a hlokang ho tlanya feela ka har'a li-multi-layer pass (ntle le ho tjheseletsa ka tlase le ho koahela) ho rarolla bothata ba deformation kapa crack.Phekolo ea mocheso e boetse ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea ho tlosa matla a ho fokotseha, ho laola mocheso o phahameng le ho pholile ha mosebetsi;Ka linako tse ling e tšoanang workpiece khutlela ka morao clamping, tjheseletsa, le boemo bona aligning ho felisa khatello ea kelello, e le hore workpiece masala khatello ea kelello ke fokolang haholo.
6. Fokotsa nako ea ho tjheseletsa
Welding e hlahisa ho futhumatsa le ho tsidifatsa, 'me ho nka nako ho fetisa mocheso.Ka hona, nako ea nako e boetse e ama deformation.Ka kakaretso, ke ntho e lakatsehang ho qeta welding kapele kamoo ho ka khonehang pele boholo ba workpiece bo futhumala ebile bo atolosoa.tjheseletsa tshebetso, tse kang mofuta le boholo ba eleketrode, tjheseletsa hona joale, lebelo tjheseletsa le joalo-joalo ama tekanyo ea shrinkage le deformation ea workpiece tjheseletsa.Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho cheseletsa ka mechine e fokotsa nako ea ho cheselletsa le palo ea deformation e bakoang ke mocheso.
Ea bobeli, mekhoa e meng ea ho fokotsa deformation ea welding
1 Sebaka sa ho pholisa metsi
Mekhoa e mengata e ka sebelisoa ho laola deformation ea welding ea li-welders tse khethehileng.Ka mohlala, ka tjheseletsa ea lakane e tšesaane, tšebeliso ea li-blocks tse pholileng ka metsi li ka tlosa mocheso oa workpiece e cheselitsoeng.Pipe ea koporo e chesetsoa ho sesebelisoa sa koporo ka ho besoa kapa ho soasoa, 'me phala e pholile ho potoloha ho fokotsa ho senyeha ha welding.
2 Wedge block positioning plate
"Positioning plate" ke taolo e sebetsang ea ho cheselletsa deformation ea theknoloji ea tšepe ea tšepe butt, joalo ka ha ho bonts'itsoe setšoantšong.Ntlheng e 'ngoe ea poleiti ea boemo e cheselitsoe holim'a poleiti ea workpiece,' me karolo e 'ngoe ea sekoti e kenngoa ka har'a poleiti e hatellang.Lipoleiti tse ngata tsa maemo li ka hlophisoa ho boloka boemo le ho lokisoa ha poleiti ea tšepe ea welding nakong ea welding.
3. Felisa khatello ea mocheso
Ntle le maemong a khethehileng, tšebeliso ea ho futhumatsa ho tlosa khatello ea maikutlo ha se mokhoa o nepahetseng, o lokela ho etsoa pele workpiece e cheselitsoe ho thibela kapa ho fokotsa deformation ea welding.
Thira, Qetello
E le ho fokotsa ts'usumetso ea li-welding deformation le khatello e setseng, lintlha tse latelang li lokela ho eloa hloko ha u rala le ho tjheseletsa workpiece:
(1) Ha ho tjheseletso e feteletseng;(2) Laola boemo ba workpiece;(3) Sebelisa discontinuous welding kamoo ho ka khonehang, empa e lokela ho finyella litlhoko tsa moralo;(4) E nyane kamoo ho ka khonehang boholo ba leoto la tjheseletsa;(5) Bakeng sa ho cheselletsa groove e bulehileng, tekanyo ea tjheseletso ea lenonyeletso e lokela ho fokotsoa, 'me groove ea linaha tse peli e lokela ho nkoa e le sebaka sa lenonyeletso le le leng la groove;(6) Multi-layer le multi-pass tjheseletsa lokela ho amoheloa ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang ho nka sebaka se le seng-lera le tjheseletsa linaha tse peli.Bula tjheseletsa e nang le mahlakore a mabeli sebakeng sa mosebetsi le shaft, amohela welding ea mekhahlelo e mengata, 'me u tsebe hore na tatellano ea tjheseletsa e mahlakoreng a mabeli;(7) tjheseletsa e nang le mefuta e mengata e fokolang;(8) Amohela mokhoa o tlase oa ho tjheseletsa mocheso o tlase, o bolelang sekhahla se phahameng sa ho qhibiliha le lebelo le potlakileng la tjheseletsa;9Sebaka sa ho tjheseletsa se nang le sebopeho sa sekepe se ka sebelisa terata e kholo ea bophara le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea fusion rate;(10) Ho ea kamoo ho ka khonehang ka workpiece e neutralization shaft seta tjheseletsa, le tjheseletsa symmetrical;(11) Ho ea kamoo ho ka khonehang ka tatellano ea ho tjheseletsa le ho beha tjheseletsa ho etsa hore mocheso o be le ho lekana ho ata;(12) Welding ho ea unconstrained tataiso ea workpiece;(13) Sebelisa sebopeho, lisebelisoa le poleiti ea boemo bakeng sa ho lokisa le ho beha maemo.(14) Fetola workpiece kapa preposition lenonyello tjheseletsa ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng la konteraka.(15) Arohane tjheseletsa le tjheseletsa kakaretso ho ea ka tatellano, tjheseletsa ka boloka ho leka-lekana ho pota neutralization shaft.
Nako ea poso: Dec-19-2022