Iindlela zokuthintela kunye nokunciphisa i-welding deformation kufuneka ithathele ingqalelo uyilo lwenkqubo ye-welding kwaye inqobe ukuhluka komjikelo oshushu kunye obandayo ngexesha le-welding.I-shrinkage ayikwazi ukupheliswa, kodwa inokulawulwa.Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokunciphisa i-shrinkage deformation.
1 Musa ukuwelda kakhulu
Okukhona isinyithi sigcwaliswa kwi-weld, kokukhona amandla okuguqula aya kuveliswa.Ubungakanani obuchanekileyo be-weld abunakufumana kuphela i-welding deformation encinci, kodwa kunye nokugcina izinto ze-welding kunye nexesha.Ubungakanani bentsimbi ye-welding yokuzalisa i-weld kufuneka ibe buncinci, kwaye i-weld kufuneka ibe tyaba okanye i-convex encinci.Ukugqithiswa kwentsimbi ye-welding ayiyi kwandisa amandla.Ngokuchasene noko, kuya kwandisa amandla okunciphisa kunye nokwandisa i-welding deformation.
2 I-weld eyekayo
Enye indlela yokunciphisa inani lokuzaliswa kwe-weld kukusebenzisa i-welding intermittent.Ngokomzekelo, xa u-welding amacwecwe aqiniweyo, i-welding intermittent inokunciphisa inani lokuzaliswa kwe-weld ngama-75%, ngelixa liqinisekisa amandla afunekayo.
3. Nciphisa i-weld passage
I-welding ngocingo olurhabaxa kunye nokupasa okumbalwa kune-deformation encinci kune-welding enocingo oluncinci kunye nokupasa okuninzi.Kwimeko yokupasa okuphindaphindiweyo, ukucutheka okubangelwa yipasi ngalinye kwandisa ngokunyukayo i-weld shrinkage epheleleyo.Njengoko kunokubonwa kumzobo, inkqubo ye-welding enokudlula okumbalwa kunye ne-electrode engqindilili ineziphumo ezingcono kunoko kudlula okuninzi kunye ne-electrode encinci.
Qaphela: Inkqubo ye-welding ye-wire coarse, i-welding encinci ye-welding okanye i-fine wire, i-multi-pass welding ixhomekeke kwizinto eziphathekayo.Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-carbon steel ephantsi, i-16Mn kunye nezinye izinto zifanelekile kwi-wire rough kunye ne-welding encinci yokudlula.Insimbi engenasici, intsimbi ephezulu yekhabhoni kunye nezinye izinto zifanelekile ngocingo oluhle kunye ne-multi-pass welding
4. Itekhnoloji ye-Anti-deformation
Goba okanye ujikelise amalungu kwicala elichaseneyo ne-welding deformation phambi kwe-welding (ngaphandle kwe-welding invert okanye i-welding ethe nkqo).Isixa esisetwe kwangaphambili se-deformation reverse kufuneka igqitywe ngovavanyo.Ukubeka kwangaphambili, ukusetha kwangaphambili, okanye ukushumayela iinxalenye ezidityanisiweyo yindlela elula yokuphelisa uxinzelelo lwe-welding ngokusebenzisa amandla omatshini abuyela umva.Xa i-workpiece isetyenzisiwe, i-deformation iyenzeka eyenza ukuba i-workpiece ichasene noxinzelelo lwe-weld shrinkage.I-deformation esele isetyenzisiwe phambi kwe-welding iyacima kunye ne-deformation emva kwe-welding, okwenza i-workpiece ye-welding ibe yindiza efanelekileyo.
Enye indlela eqhelekileyo yokulinganisa amandla okunciphisa kukubeka i-welders efanayo enye kwenye kwaye idibanise kunye.Le ndlela ingasetyenziselwa ukugoba kwangaphambili, apho i-wedge ibekwe kwindawo efanelekileyo ye-workpiece ngaphambi kokuba i-clamping.
Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokuwelda ezinobunzima ziyakwazi ukuvelisa amandla okulinganisela afunekayo ngenxa yokuqina kwawo okanye indawo yamalungu omnye komnye.Ukuba le mikhosi yokulinganisela ayiveliswanga, ezinye iindlela zifunekayo ukulinganisa amandla okunciphisa izinto ze-welding ukufezekisa injongo yokurhoxiswa okufanayo.Amandla okulinganisa anokuba ngamanye amandla okucutheka, amandla okubopha ngoomatshini awenziwe yi-fixture, amandla okubopha indibano kunye nolandelelwano lwe-welding yamacandelo, amandla okubopha awenziwe ngumxhuzulane.
5 Welding Ulandelelwano
Ngokutsho kwesakhiwo se-workpiece ukumisela ulandelelwano lwendibano olufanelekileyo, ukwenzela ukuba ulwakhiwo lwe-workpiece kwindawo efanayo luyancipha.I-groove emacaleni amabini ivuliwe kwi-workpiece kunye ne-shaft, i-welding ye-multi-layer yamkelwe, kwaye ukulandelelana kwe-welding kabini kunqunywe.I-welding intermittent isetyenziswe kwi-welds ye-fillet, kwaye i-shrinkage kwi-weld yokuqala ilinganiswe ngokunciphisa kwi-weld yesibini.Isixhobo sinokubamba i-workpiece kwindawo oyifunayo, ukwandisa ukuqina kunye nokunciphisa i-welding deformation.Le ndlela isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-welding ye-workpiece encinci okanye amacandelo amancinci, ngenxa yokwanda koxinzelelo lwe-welding, ifanelekile kuphela kwisakhiwo seplastiki yensimbi ye-carbon ephantsi.
6 Susa amandla okuncipha emva kwe-welding
I-Percussion yindlela yokuchasana nokushwabana kwe-weld, njengokupholisa kwe-weld.Ukucofa kuya kubangela ukuba i-weld yande kwaye ibe mncinci, ngaloo ndlela isuse uxinzelelo (i-elastic deformation).Nangona kunjalo, xa usebenzisa le ndlela, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ingcambu ye-weld ayinakunqotshwa, enokuthi ivelise iintanda.Ngokubanzi, i-percussion ayinakusetyenziswa kwi-welds yokugubungela.
Kuba, umaleko wekhava unokuba neentanda ze-weld, uchaphazele ukubonwa kwe-weld, ukuqina kwesiphumo.Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji kulinganiselwe, kwaye kukho iimeko ezifuna ukucofa kuphela kwi-multi-layer pass (ngaphandle kwe-welding engezantsi kunye ne-welding yokuvala) ukusombulula ingxaki yokuguquka okanye yokuqhekeka.Ukunyanga ukushisa kwakhona enye yeendlela zokususa amandla okunciphisa, ukulawula ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nokupholisa kwe-workpiece;Ngamanye amaxesha i-workpiece efanayo emva kokubambelela ngasemva, i-welding, kunye nale meko yokulungelelanisa ukuphelisa uxinzelelo, ukwenzela ukuba i-workpiece intsalela yoxinzelelo incinci.
6. Nciphisa ixesha le-welding
Ukuwelda kuvelisa ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa, kwaye kuthatha ixesha ukudlulisa ubushushu.Ke ngoko, ixesha lexesha likwachaphazela i-deformation.Ngokuqhelekileyo, kuyinqweneleka ukugqiba i-welding ngokukhawuleza ngaphambi kokuba ubuninzi be-workpiece bufudumale kwaye kwandiswe.Inkqubo ye-welding, efana nohlobo kunye nobukhulu be-electrode, i-welding yangoku, isantya se-welding kunye nokunye kuchaphazela iqondo lokushwabana kunye nokuguqulwa kwe-welding workpiece.Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ze-welding ze-welding kunciphisa ixesha le-welding kunye nenani le-deformation ebangelwa ukushisa.
Okwesibini, ezinye iindlela zokunciphisa i-welding deformation
1 Ibhloko yokupholisa amanzi
Ubuchule obuninzi bunokusetyenziswa ukulawula i-welding deformation yee-welders ezikhethekileyo.Ngokomzekelo, kwi-welding sheet encinci, ukusetyenziswa kweebhloko ezipholileyo ngamanzi kunokususa ubushushu bomsebenzi odibeneyo.Umbhobho wobhedu udityaniswe kwisixhobo sobhedu ngokubethelwa okanye ukubethelwa, kwaye umbhobho upholile ekujikelezeni ukunciphisa i-welding deformation.
2 Ipleyiti yokubeka ibhloko yeWedge
"I-Positioning plate" lulawulo olusebenzayo lwe-welding deformation ye-steel plate butt welding technology, njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo.Esinye isiphelo sepleyiti yokumisa sidityaniswe kwipleyiti yesixhobo sokusebenza, kwaye esinye isiphelo sebloko sewedge sidityaniswe kwipleyiti yokucinezela.Iipleyiti zokubeka ezininzi zinokucwangciswa ukuze kugcinwe indawo kunye nokulungiswa kwepleyiti yentsimbi ye-welding ngexesha le-welding.
3. Ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwe-thermal
Ngaphandle kweemeko ezikhethekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kokufudumeza ukususa uxinzelelo akuyona indlela echanekileyo, kufuneka yenziwe ngaphambi kokuba i-workpiece idityaniswe ukukhusela okanye ukunciphisa i-welding deformation.
Tfihla, Ukuqukumbela
Ukuze kuncitshiswe impembelelo ye-welding deformation kunye noxinzelelo olushiyekileyo, la manqaku alandelayo kufuneka athathelwe ingqalelo xa uyila kunye ne-welding workpiece:
(1) Akukho ukuwelda ngokugqithisileyo;(2) Lawula indawo yokusebenzela;(3) Sebenzisa i-welding engapheliyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kodwa kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zoyilo;(4) Ubukhulu benyawo lokuwelda buncinci kangangoko;5(6) I-Multi-layer kunye ne-multi-pass-pass welding kufuneka yamkelwe ngokusemandleni ukuba ithathe indawo ye-single-layer kunye ne-bilateral welding.Vula i-groove ye-welding ephindwe kabini kwi-workpiece kunye ne-shaft, yamkela i-welding ye-multi-layer, kwaye unqume ukulandelelana kwe-welding kabini;(7) multi-layer ngaphantsi pass welding;(8) Yamkela inkqubo yokuwelda igalelo lobushushu eliphantsi, elithetha izinga eliphezulu lokunyibilika kunye nesantya esikhawulezayo sokuwelda;(9) I-positioner isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-workpiece kwindawo ye-welding yenqanawa.Indawo yokuwelda emile okwenqanawa inokusebenzisa ucingo olukhulu oludayamitha kunye nenkqubo yokuwelda isantya esiphezulu;(10) Kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwi-workpiece's neutralization shaft set weld, kunye ne-symmetrical welding;(11) kangangoko kunokwenzeka ngokulandelelana kwe-welding kunye nokubekwa kwe-welding ukwenza ubushushu be-welding busasazeke ngokulinganayo;(12) Ukuwelda kwisalathiso esinganyangekisiweyo sesixhobo sokusebenza;(13) Sebenzisa isitshixo, isixhobo kunye nepleyiti yokubeka uhlengahlengiso kunye nokubeka indawo.14(15) Ukwahlula i-welding kunye ne-welding epheleleyo ngokulandelelana, i-welding inokugcina ibhalansi malunga ne-shaft neutralization.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-19-2022